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Guri Dam
The Guri Dam is a concrete gravity and embankment dam in Bolívar State, Venezuela on the Caroni River. Its official name is ''Central Hidroeléctrica Simón Bolívar'' (previously named ''Central Hidroeléctrica Raúl Leoni'' from 1978 to 2000). It is 7,426 metres long and 162 m high.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.covenpre.org.ve/presas/guri.htm )〕 It impounds the large Guri Reservoir (''Embalse de Guri''), with a surface area of it is the largest fresh water body of water in Venezuela and the eleventh largest man-made lake in the world.
==History and design==
In 1963, construction began for the hydroelectric power station Guri in the Necuima Canyon, about 100 kilometers upstream from the mouth of the Caroní River in the Orinoco. By 1969 a 106 m high and 690 m long dam had been built. It created a reservoir with its water level at 215 metres above sea level. The power station had a combined installed capacity of 1750 megawatts (MW).〔 By 1978, the capacity had been upgraded to 2065 MW, generated by ten turbines.
Because the demand for electricity grew fast, another construction phase started in 1976, building of a 1300 m long gravity dam, another spillway channel and a second powerhouse and 10 turbines of 730 MW each were installed. The powerhouse´s inside walls were decorated by the Venezuelan kinetic artist Carlos Cruz-Díez. This increased the dam's dimensions to 162 m in height and to 7426 m (according to other sources 11,409 m〔) in length. The reservoir grew bigger and reached its water level at 272 m.〔CVG Electrificación Del Caroní, C.A.: ''Cifras 2006'', ISSN 1315-2386. Caracas, Agosto 2007〕 The structure was inaugurated on 08-Nov-1986.
Since 2000, there is an ongoing refurbishment project to extend the operation of Guri Power Plant by 30 years. This project is to create 5 new runners and main components on Powerhouse II, and close to the end of 2007 is starting the rehabilitation of four units on Powerhouse I.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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